高壓電纜故障怎么查【三種實用方法】

標簽： 電纜故障測試儀

　　高壓電纜故障怎么查【三種實用方法】：低壓脈沖測試法，直流高壓閃絡法，沖擊高壓閃絡法，這３三種都是很實用的方法，希望對你有所幫助。

　　高壓電纜故障怎查找方法一：低壓脈沖測試法:依據傳(chuan)輸(shu)線理論(lun)，每條線路(lu)(lu)都具有(you)其一(yi)定的(de)特(te)性(xing)阻(zu)抗(kang)Zc，它(ta)是(shi)由線路(lu)(lu)的(de)結構(gou)決定，而且與線路(lu)(lu)的(de)長度沒有(you)關系。它(ta)在(zai)均勻傳(chuan)輸(shu)線路(lu)(lu)上，任一(yi)點的(de)輸(shu)入阻(zu)抗(kang)就(jiu)等(deng)于(yu)特(te)性(xing)阻(zu)抗(kang)，如果終端(duan)所接(jie)負載(zai)等(deng)于(yu)特(te)性(xing)阻(zu)抗(kang)，那(nei)么線路(lu)(lu)發送(song)的(de)電流波或電壓波沿線傳(chuan)送(song)，到達終端(duan)被負載(zai)全部吸(xi)收(shou)而無反(fan)向。當(dang)線路(lu)(lu)上任意點阻(zu)抗(kang)不等(deng)于(yu)Zc時，那(nei)么電波在(zai)該點就(jiu)會產生全反(fan)射或部分反(fan)射。

　　高壓電纜故障怎查找方法二、直流高壓閃絡法:當故障電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)極高(gao)(gao)，還(huan)沒有形(xing)成穩定電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)通(tong)道之(zhi)前，我(wo)(wo)們(men)可(ke)利用(yong)逐步升高(gao)(gao)的(de)直流電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)施到被測電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。到一定電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)值后故障點被擊(ji)穿，形(xing)成閃(shan)絡，我(wo)(wo)們(men)利用(yong)閃(shan)絡電(dian)(dian)弧對所加入(ru)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)形(xing)成短(duan)路反射(she)(she)，反射(she)(she)回波在(zai)輸(shu)入(ru)端(duan)被高(gao)(gao)阻(zu)源形(xing)成開路反射(she)(she)。那么電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)在(zai)輸(shu)入(ru)端(duan)和故障點之(zhi)間將多次反射(she)(she)，直至能量消(xiao)耗殆盡停止。

　　高壓電纜故障怎查找方法三、沖擊高壓閃絡法:當故障(zhang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻降低時，在(zai)形成穩定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻通道后，因為(wei)(wei)設備容量所限(xian)，直流(liu)高壓(ya)加(jia)不上去(qu)，這時需要改用(yong)沖(chong)擊(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)測試。直流(liu)高壓(ya)經球間隙對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)直至擊(ji)穿，才可(ke)用(yong)其形成的(de)(de)閃(shan)絡電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)弧產生(sheng)短(duan)路(lu)(lu)反(fan)射(she)(she)。在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜輸(shu)入(ru)端(duan)需加(jia)測量電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)感L以讀取回波(bo)。它(ta)的(de)(de)原理線(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)(lu)見(jian)圖(tu)4所示，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)波(bo)在(zai)故障(zhang)點被(bei)短(duan)路(lu)(lu)反(fan)射(she)(she)時，在(zai)輸(shu)入(ru)端(duan)被(bei)L反(fan)射(she)(she)，在(zai)其間將形成多(duo)次(ci)反(fan)射(she)(she)。因為(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)感L的(de)(de)自感現象，開(kai)始由于(yu)L的(de)(de)阻流(liu)作(zuo)用(yong)呈現開(kai)路(lu)(lu)反(fan)射(she)(she)，伴隨著電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)的(de)(de)增加(jia)經一(yi)定時間后呈現短(duan)路(lu)(lu)反(fan)射(she)(she)。而整個(ge)(ge)線(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)(lu)又(you)(you)由電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容C和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)感L又(you)(you)組(zu)成一(yi)個(ge)(ge)L—C放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)大過程。因此，在(zai)線(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)(lu)輸(shu)入(ru)端(duan)所呈現的(de)(de)波(bo)過程是(shi)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)近于(yu)衰減(jian)的(de)(de)余(yu)弦曲線(xian)(xian)(xian)上迭加(jia)著快(kuai)速的(de)(de)脈(mo)沖(chong)多(duo)次(ci)反(fan)射(she)(she)波(bo)，從反(fan)射(she)(she)波(bo)的(de)(de)間隔可(ke)求出故障(zhang)的(de)(de)距離。

　　以(yi)上是(shi)高壓電纜故障檢(jian)測方(fang)法，希(xi)望對您有(you)所幫助！