10KV高壓電纜常見故障及解決方法

一、10kV高壓電(dian)纜常見(jian)故障及原因(yin)剖析(xi)

（a）閃絡(luo)故障。電(dian)纜在低壓(ya)電(dian)時處于良好的絕緣狀(zhuang)況，不會存(cun)在故障。可只需(xu)電(dian)壓(ya)值升高到必定規(gui)模，或許一段時間后(hou)某一電(dian)壓(ya)繼續升高，那么(me)就會瞬間擊穿(chuan)絕緣體，形成閃絡(luo)故障。

（b）一(yi)相(xiang)芯(xin)線(xian)(xian)斷(duan)線(xian)(xian)或多相(xiang)斷(duan)線(xian)(xian)。在電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)導體(ti)接連實驗中，電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的各(ge)個導體(ti)的絕緣電(dian)(dian)阻與(yu)相(xiang)關規則相(xiang)符(fu)，但是(shi)在查看中發現有一(yi)相(xiang)或許多相(xiang)不能接連，那么就闡明一(yi)相(xiang)芯(xin)線(xian)(xian)斷(duan)線(xian)(xian)或許多相(xiang)斷(duan)線(xian)(xian)。

（c）三芯電(dian)(dian)纜一芯或(huo)(huo)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)芯接(jie)地(di)(di)。三芯電(dian)(dian)纜的一芯或(huo)(huo)許(xu)(xu)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)芯導體(ti)用絕緣搖(yao)表(biao)測試(shi)出(chu)不接(jie)連(lian)，然后又(you)進行一芯或(huo)(huo)許(xu)(xu)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)芯對地(di)(di)絕緣電(dian)(dian)阻遙測。假如芯和芯之間存在著(zhu)比正(zheng)常值低許(xu)(xu)多的絕緣電(dian)(dian)阻，這種絕緣電(dian)(dian)阻值高于(yu)1000歐(ou)姆就(jiu)被稱之為高電(dian)(dian)阻接(jie)地(di)(di)故(gu)障；反之，就(jiu)是低電(dian)(dian)阻接(jie)地(di)(di)故(gu)障。這兩(liang)(liang)(liang)張故(gu)障都(dou)稱為斷線并接(jie)地(di)(di)故(gu)障。

（d）三(san)(san)相(xiang)芯(xin)(xin)線(xian)短(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)。短(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)時接(jie)地(di)電阻巨細是電纜的三(san)(san)相(xiang)芯(xin)(xin)線(xian)短(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)故(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)判別的依據。短(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)故(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)有兩種：低阻短(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)故(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)、高阻短(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)故(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)。當(dang)三(san)(san)相(xiang)芯(xin)(xin)線(xian)短(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)時，低于1000歐(ou)姆的接(jie)地(di)電阻是低阻短(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)故(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)，相(xiang)反則是高阻短(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)故(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)。

　　電纜(lan)故(gu)障(zhang)的 直接原因就是絕緣降(jiang)低而(er)被擊(ji)穿，歸納起(qi)來主要有(you)以下幾種(zhong)狀況(kuang)：

（a）外(wai)力損(sun)壞(huai)。電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)故障中外(wai)力損(sun)壞(huai)是 為(wei)常(chang)見的故障原因(yin)。電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)遭外(wai)力損(sun)壞(huai)以后會呈(cheng)現(xian)大面積的停(ting)電(dian)事端。例(li)如(ru)地下管線施(shi)工(gong)過程中，電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)由于施(shi)工(gong)機械(xie)牽引力太(tai)大而被拉(la)斷；電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)絕緣(yuan)層、屏(ping)蔽層因(yin)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)過度曲折(zhe)而損(sun)壞(huai)；電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)切(qie)剝時過度切(qie)開和刀痕太(tai)深。這些直接的外(wai)力因(yin)素(su)都會對電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)形成必定的損(sun)壞(huai)。

（b）絕緣受(shou)潮。電(dian)纜制作生產工藝不精會導致電(dian)纜的保(bao)(bao)護(hu)層決(jue)裂；電(dian)纜終端接頭(tou)密封性不行(xing)；電(dian)纜保(bao)(bao)護(hu)套在電(dian)纜運用(yong)中(zhong)被(bei)物體刺穿或許(xu)遭受(shou)腐蝕。這些是電(dian)纜絕緣受(shou)潮的主要原因。此刻(ke)，絕緣電(dian)阻(zu)降(jiang)低，電(dian)流增大，引發電(dian)力故障問題(ti)。

（c）化(hua)學(xue)腐蝕。長(chang)期(qi)的電(dian)流作用會(hui)讓(rang)電(dian)纜絕(jue)(jue)緣發生很多的熱量。假如電(dian)纜絕(jue)(jue)緣作業長(chang)期(qi)處于(yu)不(bu)良化(hua)學(xue)環境中就會(hui)改變(bian)它的物理性能，使電(dian)纜絕(jue)(jue)緣老化(hua)乃至失去作用，電(dian)力故障會(hui)由此發生。

（d）長期過負荷運(yun)(yun)轉(zhuan)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜長期處(chu)于高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)運(yun)(yun)轉(zhuan)環境中，假如(ru)(ru)線路絕緣層(ceng)里有雜質或(huo)許老化(hua)，加上(shang)諸如(ru)(ru)雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)之類的(de)外因對(dui)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的(de)沖擊，超負荷運(yun)(yun)作發生很多的(de)熱量，極易呈現電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜故障。

（e）電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)及(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)附(fu)件(jian)質量(liang)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)及(ji)(ji)相關(guan)附(fu)件(jian)是兩種重要(yao)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)材料，其質量(liang)問題(ti)(ti)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)安(an)全(quan)運轉有直接(jie)影響(xiang)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)及(ji)(ji)其附(fu)件(jian)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)三頭的(de)(de)制作很(hen)簡略(lve)呈(cheng)現質量(liang)問題(ti)(ti)，例如電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)會(hui)由于運輸(shu)、儲藏時關(guan)閉不嚴而受潮；絕緣管制作粗糙(cao)，厚度(du)不均，管內(nei)有氣泡(pao)；不能準確剝切預(yu)制電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)三頭；規劃制作者(zhe)沒(mei)有依據要(yao)求(qiu)制作電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)接(jie)頭。別的(de)(de)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)產品規劃時材料選用不恰當、防水性差也會(hui)形(xing)成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)質量(liang)問題(ti)(ti)。

二、10kV電力高壓電纜常見故障的判別辦法

　　要(yao)(yao)想判別(bie)10kV電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)纜的故(gu)(gu)障問題就需要(yao)(yao)依據故(gu)(gu)障狀(zhuang)況(kuang)來做簡略的實驗，并判別(bie)故(gu)(gu)障性質。故(gu)(gu)障的判別(bie)辦法主要(yao)(yao)有以下(xia)幾(ji)種：

1、根本辦法

（a）電橋法。電(dian)(dian)橋法運用前史(shi)較長，不過在(zai)新技能(neng)不斷呈現的(de)(de)今日，電(dian)(dian)橋法依然有(you)(you)它的(de)(de)優勢。這樣的(de)(de)辦法在(zai)檢測電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)單(dan)相(xiang)接地、相(xiang)間短(duan)路等問題(ti)上(shang)運用起來比較方便(bian)，而且差錯也小(xiao)。傳統上(shang)是通過核算橋壁平(ping)衡調理(li)所得(de)數據和電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)總長度之間的(de)(de)間隔測點來尋覓故障(zhang)(zhang)。但電(dian)(dian)橋法的(de)(de)缺乏就(jiu)是要準確知(zhi)道電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)長度等一(yi)些原始材料，電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)相(xiang)要有(you)(you)良好的(de)(de)絕緣性。而實際中(zhong)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)故障(zhang)(zhang)根本上(shang)是高阻和閃絡故障(zhang)(zhang)，用該(gai)辦法丈(zhang)量的(de)(de)時間比較長。

（c）低壓脈沖反射法。在電力(li)電纜故障(zhang)檢測中(zhong)，所謂低壓脈沖(chong)(chong)反(fan)射(she)(she)法就是將高頻(pin)率的(de)低壓脈沖(chong)(chong)發射(she)(she)到電纜中(zhong)，脈沖(chong)(chong)在傳播遇到故障(zhang)點或許不(bu)匹配點就會(hui)反(fan)射(she)(she)電磁波，丈量儀(yi)器會(hui)接納到反(fan)射(she)(she)脈沖(chong)(chong)。

（c）直流閃絡法與高壓閃絡法。直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)閃(shan)絡(luo)法(fa)是(shi)用來查詢(xun)閃(shan)絡(luo)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)中的(de)(de)(de)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)點(dian)(dian)(dian)。將直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電壓施加在電力電纜(lan)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)點(dian)(dian)(dian)中，并將其馬上擊穿，此(ci)刻故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)點(dian)(dian)(dian)會呈(cheng)現閃(shan)絡(luo)，丈量(liang)(liang)點(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)點(dian)(dian)(dian)之間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)間(jian)隔(ge)通過丈量(liang)(liang)波來獲取(qu)。假如閃(shan)絡(luo)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)在高電壓下被(bei)馬上擊穿，能(neng)夠運(yun)用此(ci)辦(ban)法(fa)。直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)閃(shan)絡(luo)法(fa)的(de)(de)(de)丈量(liang)(liang)波波形(xing)比較(jiao)簡(jian)略(lve)，而且易于理解，有著高精度的(de)(de)(de)讀數。要是(shi)電纜(lan)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)點(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)電阻不(bu)(bu)高，這種(zhong)辦(ban)法(fa)就(jiu)不(bu)(bu)適(shi)用了。由于這樣會讓直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)走漏(lou)較(jiao)大的(de)(de)(de)電流(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)，形(xing)成電纜(lan)線的(de)(de)(de)電壓變小。此(ci)刻就(jiu)應該運(yun)用高壓閃(shan)絡(luo)法(fa)（沖閃(shan)法(fa)）。能(neng)夠使(shi)用這種(zhong)辦(ban)法(fa)判別故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)點(dian)(dian)(dian)有沒有擊放電，但是(shi)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)闡明發(fa)生了間(jian)隙放電就(jiu)是(shi)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)點(dian)(dian)(dian)被(bei)擊穿了

2、準確斷定點丈量法

　　上述丈量故障(zhang)點(dian)的(de)(de)辦法(fa)適用(yong)(yong)于大規模的(de)(de)故障(zhang)點(dian)，而不適用(yong)(yong)于施工(gong)處理。電纜途徑和深埋查找(zhao)(zhao)能夠(gou)運用(yong)(yong)準確查找(zhao)(zhao)的(de)(de)方法(fa)找(zhao)(zhao)出切當的(de)(de)故障(zhang)點(dian)方位(wei)。而在這(zhe)種狀況(kuang)下運用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)辦法(fa)就是聲測法(fa)和聲磁同步法(fa)。

（a）聲測法。運用(yong)靈(ling)敏度高的(de)(de)(de)聲(sheng)電轉換器放大故障點(dian)(dian)電放時發(fa)生的(de)(de)(de)聲(sheng)響，使(shi)其(qi)轉換成聲(sheng)響信(xin)號(hao)(hao)與電流信(xin)號(hao)(hao)，然后使(shi)用(yong)耳機和儀表等東西斷定電纜(lan)線路上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)故障點(dian)(dian)。不過這種辦法的(de)(de)(de)缺陷就(jiu)是急速丈量成果有著較大的(de)(de)(de)隨意性，差錯(cuo)也(ye)大。假如電纜(lan)埋在地下太深(shen)就(jiu)很難丈量，優點(dian)(dian)就(jiu)是對(dui)設備的(de)(de)(de)要求(qiu)不高。

（b）聲磁同步法。眾所(suo)周(zhou)知，電磁場信號(hao)(hao)的(de)傳(chuan)播速度(du)挨近(jin)(jin)光速，但(dan)是(shi)聲(sheng)響的(de)傳(chuan)播速度(du)卻相對較慢。如此(ci)一來(lai)(lai)電磁信號(hao)(hao)速度(du)與聲(sheng)速之間(jian)有(you)著較大的(de)不同，接納儀器在接納聲(sheng)、磁信號(hao)(hao)時會(hui)把兩張信號(hao)(hao)看做是(shi)一起從故(gu)障點(dian)發出來(lai)(lai)的(de)，因而探(tan)測(ce)方位挨近(jin)(jin)故(gu)障點(dian)，信號(hao)(hao)的(de)接納時間(jian)差就(jiu)會(hui)變得(de)更小，反之亦然。

針對10kV電(dian)力電(dian)纜呈現的(de)常見(jian)故障，電(dian)力企業要(yao)及時采取(qu)有用的(de)鼓勵辦法，以便電(dian)力能夠(gou)安(an)全耐久地運轉(zhuan)。

a、認真辦理電力電纜運轉環境和自身質量

供電(dian)公司（或(huo)托付的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)外部施工企業）在(zai)敷設(she)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)管線時(shi)要(yao)先調查周圍(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)境。假如(ru)環(huan)(huan)境中存(cun)在(zai)腐蝕(shi)因素或(huo)許(xu)其他簡略形(xing)成故障的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)因素，就應該盡量避開。別的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，還要(yao)詳(xiang)細勘測環(huan)(huan)境中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)質污(wu)染狀(zhuang)況，在(zai)不同條件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)質環(huan)(huan)境中需(xu)做好相應的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)防污(wu)染準備辦(ban)法。例如(ru)要(yao)穩重挑選在(zai)化工廠(chang)、地(di)下水污(wu)染區的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)通道建造。電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)類型也(ye)要(yao)參照電(dian)網運(yun)轉環(huan)(huan)境來挑選，注重電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質量，不能讓電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)被環(huan)(huan)境損壞(huai)(huai)腐蝕(shi)。電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主芯橫截面(mian)需(xu)承載得(de)了(le)線路的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)轉負(fu)荷(he)，不能讓電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)超(chao)負(fu)荷(he)或(huo)許(xu)過(guo)電(dian)壓運(yun)轉。供電(dian)公司要(yao)大(da)力宣傳電(dian)網保護常識，在(zai)電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)運(yun)轉的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)周圍(wei)設(she)置電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)標(biao)識，防止電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)被人為(wei)損壞(huai)(huai)，如(ru)在(zai)奪目方(fang)位設(she)置警(jing)示牌(pai)，警(jing)告不要(yao)觸碰、攀爬(pa)變壓力；禁止損壞(huai)(huai)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)；嚴厲打(da)擊盜賣和損壞(huai)(huai)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)設(she)施的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)行為(wei)，營(ying)建良好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)安全運(yun)轉環(huan)(huan)境。

b、注重電力電纜施工運轉辦理

　　供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)公(gong)司應該(gai)通過清晰的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)運(yun)(yun)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)辦理辦法來清晰電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)、運(yun)(yun)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)責任(ren)。依據《電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)法》等國(guo)家(jia)相(xiang)關(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)設施(shi)(shi)保護(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)法律法規(gui)，促進(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)、運(yun)(yun)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)、辦理能正(zheng)(zheng)常(chang)進(jin)行(xing)下(xia)去。對施(shi)(shi)工(gong)人員進(jin)行(xing)技能培訓，保證電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)運(yun)(yun)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)質(zhi)(zhi)量。電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)線(xian)路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)安全(quan)運(yun)(yun)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)工(gong)程質(zhi)(zhi)量、正(zheng)(zheng)常(chang)運(yun)(yun)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)關(guan)系親近。因而(er)嚴厲培訓電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)、運(yun)(yun)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)人員的(de)(de)(de)(de)技能才(cai)能，并加(jia)強考(kao)核，既是對電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)企業自身擔(dan)任(ren)，也是對電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)正(zheng)(zheng)常(chang)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)、運(yun)(yun)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)擔(dan)任(ren)。

　　電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)施工(gong)中的電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)鋪設安裝需要規(gui)劃合理(li)的線路，依據地形環境選用(yong)相應的鋪設辦法(fa)，如用(yong)電(dian)(dian)用(yong)戶(hu)間隔(ge)比較遠，能(neng)夠使(shi)(shi)用(yong)架空或許防水型的電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)，用(yong)戶(hu)相對會集的區域能(neng)夠使(shi)(shi)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)地道、電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)井(jing)保護電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)，減(jian)少電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)損壞。對于新運轉的電(dian)(dian)力是(shi)施工(gong)項目，則(ze)應該依據國家的技能(neng)要求來嚴厲施工(gong)、檢驗。

　　電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力企業應(ying)該在進購電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜時需依據狀況(kuang)挑選(xuan)類型(xing)(xing)及數量，必(bi)須契合(he)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線路的(de)(de)契合(he)標準，不能(neng)(neng)超負荷運(yun)轉。將(jiang)施(shi)工中(zhong)的(de)(de)人為故障、機(ji)械磨(mo)損減小到(dao) 小規(gui)模，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜的(de)(de)安裝途徑也應(ying)該要合(he)理的(de)(de)組織和(he)(he)考慮。盡量選(xuan)用支架(jia)、管道、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜溝的(de)(de)方法去鋪(pu)設(she)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜，對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜溝、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜架(jia)等輔佐設(she)施(shi)應(ying)科學規(gui)劃。特別要注(zhu)意的(de)(de)是(shi)，必(bi)定要注(zhu)重電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜中(zhong)心頭、終端頭的(de)(de)制作質量，多(duo)選(xuan)用新型(xing)(xing)硅橡膠預制接頭，并依據國家(jia)技能(neng)(neng)要求來施(shi)工和(he)(he)檢驗電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜工程。

c、加強電力電纜的監管和日常保護

　　供電(dian)公司依(yi)據國家部委(wei)規則擬(ni)定(ding)相關的監管查(cha)看(kan)準(zhun)則，對線路的負(fu)荷電(dian)流進行親近(jin)監督，不能(neng)讓過(guo)負(fu)荷擊穿(chuan)結緣，長期過(guo)負(fu)荷運轉的電(dian)纜(lan)會形(xing)成(cheng)電(dian)纜(lan)故障。成(cheng)立(li)(li)專門的保護部門，建立(li)(li)配電(dian)設備定(ding)期巡檢準(zhun)則，讓通過(guo)專業技能(neng)培訓、具有必(bi)定(ding)運轉辦(ban)理(li)經驗(yan)的職(zhi)工(gong)定(ding)期巡視(shi)電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)等設備，假如(ru)發現(xian)有線路呈現(xian)故障，要及時上報并提出檢修方案。

　　注(zhu)重存在安全隱患的(de)電(dian)纜(lan)線路(lu)(lu)的(de)特別(bie)巡(xun)視查看，并依據供電(dian)公司的(de)規則做(zuo)好(hao)巡(xun)視記載，照實填寫線路(lu)(lu)的(de)運(yun)轉狀(zhuang)況(kuang)。巡(xun)視線路(lu)(lu)時，必(bi)定(ding)要注(zhu)意電(dian)纜(lan)線路(lu)(lu)周圍(wei)的(de)運(yun)轉狀(zhuang)況(kuang)，例如(ru)有(you)(you)沒(mei)有(you)(you)施工(gong)在線路(lu)(lu)周圍(wei)、線路(lu)(lu)的(de)正常運(yun)轉有(you)(you)沒(mei)有(you)(you)被(bei)損壞。