技術文章
怎樣巧用電纜故障測試儀
| 作者:陜西意聯電氣 | 標簽: 電纜故障測試儀
怎樣巧用電纜故障測試儀檢測出電纜的隱患點
電纜故障的種類與判斷
無論是高壓電纜或低壓電纜,在施工安裝、運行過程中經常因短路、過負荷運行、絕緣老化或外力損壞等原因造成故障。拓普電氣為您闡述電纜故障點的實用測定方法,方便大家順利找到電纜故障點。
電纜故障分為接地、短路、斷線三類
三芯電纜故障類型主要有以下幾方面:一芯或兩芯接觸;二相芯線間短路;三相芯線完全短路;一相芯線斷線或多相斷線。對于直接短路或斷線故障用萬用表可直接測量判斷,對于非直接短路和接池故障,用兆歐表遙測芯線間絕緣電阻或芯線對地絕緣電阻,根據其阻值可判定故障類型。
電纜故障點的查找方法
a、零電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)法(fa)(fa):零電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)法(fa)(fa)也就是電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)比較法(fa)(fa),它適(shi)應(ying)(ying)于(yu)長度較短的電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜芯線對地故障,應(ying)(ying)用此方法(fa)(fa)測量簡(jian)便準確,不(bu)需要精(jing)密儀器和復雜計算(suan)。
b、測聲法:所謂測聲法就是根據故障電纜放電的聲音進行查找,該方法對于高壓電纜芯線對絕緣層閃絡放電較為有效。此方法所用設備為直流耐壓試驗機。
可采用加高電壓燒穿的方法使電阻降至1Ω以下,再按此方法測量。
c、電容電流測定法:電纜在運行中,芯線之間、芯線對地都存在電容,該電容是均勻分布的,
電(dian)容量與(yu)電(dian)纜(lan)長(chang)度呈線(xian)(xian)性比例關系,電(dian)容電(dian)流(liu)測定法就是根據這一原理進(jin)行測定的,對(dui)于電(dian)纜(lan)芯(xin)線(xian)(xian)斷線(xian)(xian)故障的測定非常準確。
d、電(dian)(dian)(dian)橋(qiao)(qiao)法:電(dian)(dian)(dian)橋(qiao)(qiao)法就是雙臂電(dian)(dian)(dian)橋(qiao)(qiao)測(ce)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜芯(xin)(xin)線的直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻值,再準確測(ce)量電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜實(shi)際(ji)長度,按照電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜長度與電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻的正比例關(guan)系,計算的故(gu)障點。該方法對(dui)(dui)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜芯(xin)(xin)線間直接短路或短路點接觸電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻小(xiao)于1Ω的故(gu)障,判(pan)斷誤差一般不大(da)(da)于3m,對(dui)(dui)于故(gu)障點接觸電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻大(da)(da)于1Ω的故(gu)障,