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高壓電纜故障怎么查【三種實用方法】
| 作者：陜西意聯電氣 | 標簽： 電纜故障測試儀
高壓電纜故障怎么查【三種實用方法】：低壓脈沖測試法，直流高壓閃絡法，沖擊高壓閃絡法，這３三種都是很實用的方法，希望對你有所幫助。
高壓電纜故障怎查找方法一：低壓脈沖測試法:依據傳(chuan)輸(shu)線(xian)(xian)理(li)論，每條線(xian)(xian)路(lu)都具(ju)有其(qi)一定的(de)特性(xing)阻(zu)抗Zc，它是由線(xian)(xian)路(lu)的(de)結構決定，而(er)(er)且與線(xian)(xian)路(lu)的(de)長(chang)度沒有關系。它在(zai)(zai)均勻傳(chuan)輸(shu)線(xian)(xian)路(lu)上，任一點(dian)(dian)的(de)輸(shu)入阻(zu)抗就等于特性(xing)阻(zu)抗，如果終端(duan)所接負載等于特性(xing)阻(zu)抗，那么(me)線(xian)(xian)路(lu)發(fa)送的(de)電(dian)(dian)流波或(huo)電(dian)(dian)壓波沿線(xian)(xian)傳(chuan)送，到(dao)達(da)終端(duan)被負載全部(bu)吸收(shou)而(er)(er)無反向。當線(xian)(xian)路(lu)上任意點(dian)(dian)阻(zu)抗不等于Zc時，那么(me)電(dian)(dian)波在(zai)(zai)該點(dian)(dian)就會產生全反射或(huo)部(bu)分反射。
高壓電纜故障怎查找方法二、直流高壓閃絡法:當故(gu)障電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)極高，還沒有形成(cheng)穩定電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)通(tong)道之前(qian)，我們可利用逐(zhu)步(bu)升高的直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)施到被測電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜。到一定電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)值后(hou)故(gu)障點被擊穿，形成(cheng)閃(shan)絡(luo)，我們利用閃(shan)絡(luo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)弧對(dui)所(suo)加入(ru)(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)形成(cheng)短路反射(she)(she)(she)，反射(she)(she)(she)回(hui)波在輸(shu)入(ru)(ru)端被高阻(zu)源形成(cheng)開(kai)路反射(she)(she)(she)。那么電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)在輸(shu)入(ru)(ru)端和故(gu)障點之間將(jiang)多(duo)次反射(she)(she)(she)，直(zhi)至(zhi)能量消耗(hao)殆(dai)盡停止。
高壓電纜故障怎查找方法三、
沖擊高壓閃絡法:當故障(zhang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)降低時(shi)，在(zai)(zai)形(xing)成穩定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)通(tong)道(dao)后，因為設備容(rong)量所限，直(zhi)流高(gao)壓(ya)加(jia)不上去，這(zhe)時(shi)需(xu)要(yao)改用沖擊電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)測(ce)(ce)試。直(zhi)流高(gao)壓(ya)經球間(jian)隙對電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜充電(dian)(dian)(dian)直(zhi)至擊穿，才可用其形(xing)成的(de)閃絡(luo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)弧產(chan)生短路(lu)(lu)反(fan)(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)。在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜輸入(ru)端需(xu)加(jia)測(ce)(ce)量電(dian)(dian)(dian)感L以(yi)讀取回波(bo)。它的(de)原理線路(lu)(lu)見圖4所示，電(dian)(dian)(dian)波(bo)在(zai)(zai)故障(zhang)點被(bei)短路(lu)(lu)反(fan)(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)時(shi)，在(zai)(zai)輸入(ru)端被(bei)L反(fan)(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)，在(zai)(zai)其間(jian)將形(xing)成多(duo)次反(fan)(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)。因為電(dian)(dian)(dian)感L的(de)自感現(xian)(xian)(xian)象，開始由于(yu)L的(de)阻(zu)流作用呈現(xian)(xian)(xian)開路(lu)(lu)反(fan)(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)，伴隨(sui)著電(dian)(dian)(dian)流的(de)增(zeng)加(jia)經一定(ding)時(shi)間(jian)后呈現(xian)(xian)(xian)短路(lu)(lu)反(fan)(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)。而(er)整(zheng)個線路(lu)(lu)又由電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)C和電(dian)(dian)(dian)感L又組成一個L—C放電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)大過程(cheng)。因此，在(zai)(zai)線路(lu)(lu)輸入(ru)端所呈現(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)波(bo)過程(cheng)是(shi)一個近于(yu)衰減的(de)余(yu)弦曲線上迭加(jia)著快速的(de)脈沖多(duo)次反(fan)(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)波(bo)，從反(fan)(fan)(fan)射(she)(she)波(bo)的(de)間(jian)隔(ge)可求出故障(zhang)的(de)距離。
以上是高壓電纜(lan)故障檢測方法，希望對您有所幫助！
